Everything about Mexican Constitution Of 1824 totally explained
The
1824 Constitution of Mexico was the first full
constitution adopted by the
Mexican Republic. Enacted on
October 4,
1824, following the overthrow of the short-lived
Mexican Empire of
Iturbide, the constitution stated that the new republic was to be styled the "United Mexican States" and was to be a
representative federal republic of the people, with
Roman Catholicism as the
state religion.
Its
legislature, the Congress, was bicameral. Similar to the
United States, its
lower house was the
Chamber of Deputies (one deputy per 80,000 inhabitants) and
upper house the
Senate (two
senators per state). A president and a vice-president were to be elected, for four-year terms, by the individual state congresses, with the lower house of the federal congress deciding in the event of a tie. Judicial power was in the hands of an eleven-member
Supreme Court.
The republic's component parts were the states of
Chiapas,
Chihuahua,
Coahuila y Texas,
Durango,
Guanaxuato (sic),
México,
Michoacán,
Nuevo León,
Oaxaca,
Puebla de los Ángeles,
Querétaro,
San Luis Potosí,
Sonora y Sinaloa,
Tabasco,
Tamaulipas,
Veracruz,
Jalisco,
Yucatán, and
Zacatecas, and the territories of
Alta California,
Baja California,
Colima, and
Santa Fe de Nuevo México.
Tlaxcala, which had enjoyed special status since the time of the Conquest, was to have its exact status within the federation determined at a later date.
This document is also important in the history of the United States for it was to this liberal constitution that the defenders of the
Alamo referred on the flag they flew, which was emblazoned with the date "1824". Under this constitution, American and European settlers were drawn to
Mexican Texas by its broad promises of freedom. After the
Anglo settlers of Texas had become accustomed to their land, however, the political and social conditions suddenly became much less liberal under the harsh rule of President
Antonio López de Santa Anna, who rescinded the 1824 Constitution and replaced it with the anti-federalist
1835 Constitution, thereby dissolving the federation of "free and sovereign states" (which were replaced by
French-style "
departments"), centralising national power in
Mexico City, and providing much of the impetus for the
secession of Texas and the
Mexican-American War. It also prompted the secession of several other Mexican states, including
Yucatán forming the short-lived Republic of Yucatán, and
Coahuila,
Nuevo Leon, and
Tamaulipas banding together to form the short-lived
Republic of the Rio Grande.
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